A recent presentation by Dr Chris Vernon, Strategic Metals Stream Leader, CSIRO, concluded that rare earths are critical for green energy future. He said the current Light REE (rare earth element) situation is serious but short-lived. New non-Chinese REE sources will come on line soon, but heavy REEs will be in short supply. Y, HREE and Nb supply will continue to be of concern, and Dy, Tb are particularly at risk. Some distinctive Y+HREE deposits need to be developed. His final advice is to stop thinking of “rare earth” supply and think about the individual metals.