Tag Archives: renewable energy

Vale signs long-term renewable energy pact with Casa dos Ventos in Brazil

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Vale has signed a long-term energy supply contract with Casa dos Ventos as part of its plan to generate 100% of its electricity in Brazil by 2030 through renewable sources.

The agreement is related to energy produced from the Folha Larga Sul wind farm in Campo Formoso, Bahia. With an installed capacity of 151.2 MW, the project is expected begin commercial operation by the first half of 2020. Vale says its energy has been contracted for 23 years.

The pact also includes a future asset call option held by Vale.

“The partnership is yet another step into Vale’s strategy to achieve 100% self-generation of electricity in Brazil by 2030 through the use of renewable sources of energy,” the company said.

De Beers Canada aiming for 100% renewable energy solution at Chidliak

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De Beers Canada, having successfully “winterised” the conventional power solution at its mines in northern Canada, is now looking at a 100% renewable electricity solution for its recently-acquired Chidliak diamond project, CEO Kim Truter told attendees at the Energy and Mines World Congress in Toronto this week.

While the Chidliak project is located on Baffin Island, which runs 100% on diesel power, Truter said due to the extreme remoteness of the proposed operation, “the energy solution for Chidliak has to be different”. The company acquired the mine earlier this year after taking over Peregrine Diamonds.

The hidden cost that comes with diesel power generation is the required supply chain infrastructure, ie roads, according to Truter. If Chidliak was a non-road supplied site, it would drive the need for renewable power, he said.

Another consideration is the size of Chidliak’s orebodies. As these are small, there is a need for a smaller overall footprint and the movability of plant as the bodies become mined out, he said.

So far, 51 kimberlites have been tested for the presence of diamonds at Chidliak, with 41 of these showing positive results. Two kimberlites, CH-6 and CH-7, were prioritised for advanced exploration and were tested for grade and diamond value.

The CH-6 kimberlite pipe is estimated to contain about 18 Mct of inferred resources in about 7.5 Mt of kimberlite, an estimated grade of 2.41 ct/t to a depth of 525 m below surface. The CH-7 pipe is estimated to contain about 4.2 Mct of inferred resources in about 5 Mt of kimberlite; an average grade of 0.85 ct/t to a depth of 240 m.

At the conference, Truter said renewable supplementation of diesel baseload was growing in the industrial sector, but a micro-grid to regulate and accurately feed power through to a 100% renewable power system “does not appear to exist”.

Yet, the Princess Elisabeth Base in Antarctica is occupied 365 days per year and is powered by 100% renewable sources, he said.

“The next step is an Arctic mine with continuous (renewable) operations,” he told delegates, adding that the Chidliak development can achieve maximum potential if a 100% renewable energy solution is realised.

In order to achieve this, he laid out several solutions.

First, the company needed to look to shrink its footprint at Chidliak – size, people, power, thermal and environmental – then partner with best-in-class companies to tap into available natural energy sources; whether that be solar, wind or geothermal sources. Following this, De Beers Canada needed to confront the challenge of multiple-day power fluctuations with energy storage solutions and, finally, find an appropriate business model for the power solution.

In addition to retaining the company’s social licence to operate, Truter said the eco-credibility that came with using renewable energy was an additional motivator for De Beers Canada, bringing intangible value to its product.

De Beers Group has a global commitment by 2020 to reduce its energy requirements by 8% and cut its carbon emissions by 9%.

Miners renewing their interest in alternative power solutions

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Solar power may not completely replace more traditional means of generation in the short term, but mining companies are already starting to see a strong business case for adding renewable solutions to their energy mix.

*According to Rob Schueffner, Hybrid Energy Solutions Manager for Caterpillar Electric Power, the financial benefits and reliability of renewable energy solutions available for mines today are quickly matching the environmental benefits.

Mines can realise energy savings starting at 5% for easy and quick solutions that can extend up to 50% for installations that employ the full array of the latest fuel-saving power technologies available today, according to Schueffner.

“The ability to check many boxes is what makes hybrid energy solutions so attractive for many mines,” Schueffner said. “Mine operators who analysed hybrid solutions a few years ago are now surprised when they learn that the economics have improved so much because of cost reductions and system improvements. For one recent customer, their analysts discovered that the payback period is now roughly half what it was only three years ago.”

An integrated approach

One key to realising these returns is advanced technology and systems integration, and this is where Schueffner believes Caterpillar and the Cat dealer network stand out.

While many early micro-grid installations were disparate components cobbled together by multiple vendors, Caterpillar brings all the latest technology and market expertise in renewables under one roof to design, install, and commission a seamlessly integrated system that starts delivering returns immediately.

Caterpillar has decades of experience in providing solutions for thousands of surface and underground mines around the world, including power solutions that run on a variety of fuels.

Knowledge of the rugged environments where Cat products operate has enabled engineers to develop hybrid energy solutions used by the US military over the past decade, Schueffner says.

“We draw on a potent combination of mining knowledge, engineering expertise in harsh environments, and a broad mix of power solutions to help us develop the right hybrid energy solution for mines,” Schueffner said.

Scaling up

Every mine is different, and many variables must be considered when determining which renewable energy solution will work best for a particular mining operation. Geographic location, peak sun-hours, government subsidies, and energy production costs – including the purchase, transport, and storage of fuel – all must be factored in.

Given the long period of time mines are typically in operation, customers are also considering projected costs over the entire life of the mine, according to Schueffner.

“We have some mine operators who tell us they know the economic case for renewables may not quite be there yet, but they want to hedge against anticipated future fuel costs and start implementing large-scale projects phase by phase,” Schueffner said.

In sharp contrast to the substantial capital investment required for building or updating traditional powerhouses, hybrid energy solutions allow for a scalable approach. Schueffner said it is fairly easy to achieve fuel savings of 5% simply by adding energy storage to mitigate fluctuations in output power by regulating ramp-up controls, absorbing spikes in power demand, and injecting power for sudden power needs.

Cost benefits

“One customer has projected the cost benefits of using the Cat Energy Storage System as a virtual spinning reserve that enhances the efficiency of the entire powerhouse,” Schueffner said. “By taking advantage of the reserve to optimise energy usage for the varying loads across the site’s 24-hour cycle, the customer has projected a payback period of under two years.”

At the next level, solar photovoltaic panels can be installed to reduce fuel consumption by about 20% without making significant modifications to the powerhouse. This can serve as a simple and effective way to hedge against future increases in fuel costs, Schueffner says.

By adding the Cat Microgrid Master Controller, mining customers can increase solar PV production and more energy storage for grid stability to achieve fuel savings of more than 40%. Finally, the addition of Caterpillar’s latest, most efficient diesel, natural gas, and HFO generator sets can help mining operators cut their fuel costs by more than half. Even greater fuel savings may be achievable as renewables increase in efficiency and drop in cost.

“A mine can install some PV now, and then install a little more later along with energy storage and a master controller as prices continue to fall,” Schueffner said. “This phased-in approach can help mine operators enjoy immediate savings while progressively reducing fuel consumption as the economics improve.”

*This article was written by Melodie Michel from Energy and Mines.

The Energy and Mines World Congress takes place in Toronto on December 10-11, 2019.

Miners moving towards the renewable energy path, says Fitch Solutions

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The share of renewables powering the mining industry is set to rise, according to a report from Fitch Solutions, with an increasingly favourable regulatory environment, fast-falling costs and environmental considerations moving the industry away from fossil fuels.

Countries and companies operating in the Americas are best positioned to lead the way in renewable adoption, aided by carbon pricing measures and an already significant integration of ‘green’ solutions in key operations, according to Fitch.

The research arm of the Fitch ratings agency expects solar photovoltaic (PV) and wind capacity to dominate the share of renewables favoured by miners, moving forward.

This opinion is backed up by a number of recent announcements in the industry, including B2Gold opening a solar plant in Namibia, ENAPAC building the largest ever solar-powered desalination plant in Chile’s Atacama and IAMGOLD switching on the largest hybrid solar/thermal plant in Burkina Faso.

“Despite increasing social pressure to improve environmental, social and governance (ESG) standards, we believe that the price motive will remain the driving factor behind mining companies’ decision to increasingly shift their energy consumption towards renewables in the short term,” the company said.

The firm’s Energy and Mines division estimates energy costs, primarily made up of grid electricity, coal, diesel or natural gas, account for up to 30% of miners’ balance sheet costs, with costs expected to increase over the coming years as ore reserve depletion leads to more energy intensive mining methods.

“In an environment where miners will remain committed to keeping costs down, the use of renewables offers significant cost-reduction potential ahead as technology improvements and larger scale being achieved among equipment manufacturers lead to falling prices, while maintenance costs are negligible compared to conventional generation,” Fitch said.

The flexibility of these solutions also offers grid-tied miners in locations where mining markets are immature or energy supplies are at risk extra security.

“For instance, Zambia’s overdependence on hydropower resulted in a tariff dispute between the government and the country’s key copper miners last year that led to power outages and production stoppages at Glencore’s Mopani Mines, one of the country’s largest,” Fitch said.

Against this backdrop, Fitch says countries already implementing widespread regulatory and policy changes in anticipation of a shift to a low carbon economy will be at the forefront of adopting renewables in mining.

Chile and Canada are two such hubs that have already introduced carbon pricing schemes to incentivise miners.

This has seen the likes of Barrick Gold, IAMGOLD, AurCrest Gold and Godlcorp invest in renewables/mine electrification in the latter country.

Chile, meanwhile, is to remain a global outperformer in terms of the number of miners adopting renewables and the total installed wind or solar capacity, according to Fitch.

“Up to nine different mining companies have installed either wind or solar-generating capacity in the country to date, including copper mining giants Codelco and Collahuasi and Antofagasta Minerals, which boasts 191.5 MW of installed solar PV capacity at its operations,” Fitch said.

Chile’s Association for Renewable Energy has projected 100% of the national grid in Chile could be powered by renewables by 2050.

India and China are also pushing forward with measures to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, while Argentina and South Africa have proposed carbon trading schemes of their own.

And, while secondary to cost-efficiency, ESG considerations will have a growing influence on mining companies’ decision to shift their energy consumption away from fossil fuels and into renewables, Fitch said.

“We believe mining companies will intensify their investments into renewable energy, battery storage, energy efficiency and carbon capture and storage in order to improve their social licence to operate over the coming years,” the company said.